GRAFTED VERSUS GRAFTLESS MAXILLARY SINUS FLOOR ELEVATION: CLINICAL EVIDENCE AND ANATOMY-DRIVEN TREATMENT SELECTION

Abstract

Insufficient bone height in the posterior maxilla usually results from post-extraction ridge resorption combined with sinus pneumatization. Under these conditions, implant placement often requires sinus floor elevation. The classical concept relies on grafting materials to support the elevated Schneiderian membrane and preserve space for bone formation. Although this strategy remains widely used, it increases treatment complexity, material cost, and surgical invasiveness.