EFFECTIVENESS OF MICROVASCULAR DECOMPRESSION IN HEMIFACIAL SPASM

Abstract

Background: Hemifacial spasm (HFS) is a neuromuscular disorder characterized by involuntary, paroxysmal, and repetitive contractions of the muscles innervated by the facial nerve on one side of the face. The condition significantly impairs quality of life, leading to social embarrassment, functional disability, and psychological distress. Microvascular decompression (MVD) of the facial nerve has emerged as the most effective etiological treatment for HFS. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of microvascular decompression in patients with hemifacial spasm treated at the Multidisciplinary Clinic of Tashkent State Medical University. Materials and Methods: A prospective analysis was conducted on 92 patients with primary HFS who underwent MVD between 2020 and 2024. Diagnosis was confirmed by clinical examination and high-resolution MRI (3D FIESTA and 3D-TOF). Results: Complete resolution of spasms was achieved in 86 patients (93.5%), with significant improvement in 4 patients (4.3%). The complication rate was low, with transient facial weakness in 3 patients (3.3%) and hearing impairment in 2 patients (2.2%). Quality of life scores improved dramatically postoperatively. Conclusion: Microvascular decompression is a safe and highly effective surgical treatment for hemifacial spasm, offering long-term relief in the vast majority of patients.