CLIMATE CHANGE AND INTERNATIONAL LAW: LEGAL MECHANISMS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SECURITY AND CLIMATE JUSTICE

Abstract

Climate change has emerged as one of the most serious global challenges of the twenty-first century. Rising temperatures, extreme weather events, sea-level rise, desertification, and biodiversity loss affect not only ecosystems but also human security, economic stability, and international peace. This thesis examines the role of international law in addressing climate change and argues that existing legal frameworks, while important, remain insufficient to fully ensure environmental security and climate justice. The study analyzes the Paris Agreement, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities, and emerging concepts such as climate justice and loss and damage. The thesis concludes that climate change governance must evolve toward stronger legal obligations, fair burden-sharing, and more effective enforcement mechanisms.