DETERMINATION OF VITAMIN CONTENT IN THE FRUITS OF JUGLANS REGIA L. USING HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY (HPLC)

Abstract

Juglans regia L. (walnut) is one of the medicinal plants widely used in the food and pharmaceutical industries due to its rich content of biologically active compounds. Its fruits contain vitamins, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, organic acids, fatty acids, and mineral elements, which exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory properties. Determination of the vitamin content in walnut fruits is of great importance for evaluating their nutritional and biological value.

The aim of this study was to determine the vitamin composition of Juglans regia L. fruits collected in Surkhandarya region in July 2025 using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). An Agilent Technologies High-Performance Liquid Chromatography system was employed for the analysis. The results revealed the presence of six water-soluble vitamins: vitamins B₁, B₂, B₃, B₆, B₉, and C. Among them, vitamin C was detected at the highest concentration (19.88 μg/g), followed by vitamin B₆ (11.66 μg/g), vitamin B₂ (9.88 μg/g), vitamin B₁ (9.61 μg/g), vitamin B₉ (8.88 μg/g), and vitamin B₃ (0.29 μg/g). These findings indicate that walnut fruits cultivated under the environmental conditions of the Surkhandarya region represent a valuable natural source of essential vitamins and have promising potential as a natural raw material for the food and pharmaceutical industries. The vitamin concentrations reported in this study are based on the HPLC analytical results provided by the author.