MYOPIA: PREVALENCE, RISK FACTORS AND PREVENTION STRATEGIES IN MODERN STUDENTS

Abstract

Myopia is one of the most common visual impairments in the world. The prevalence of this disease has increased significantly in recent decades, especially among children and young people. In addition to genetic factors, environmental factors also have a significant impact on the development of myopia. Among them, prolonged close-up work, excessive use of digital devices, and limited time spent outdoors are important. This article analyzes the prevalence of myopia, development mechanisms, main risk factors, and modern methods of prevention and treatment. Studies show that early diagnosis, adherence to visual hygiene, and the use of preventive measures help reduce the severe complications of myopia.