CLINICAL FEATURES OF STOMATITIS IN CHILDREN DURING ROTAVIRUS INFECTION AND APPROACHES TO ITS TREATMENT

Abstract

Rotavirus infection remains one of the leading causes of acute gastroenteritis in children worldwide. Although the gastrointestinal manifestations of rotavirus infection are well documented, less attention has been paid to oral mucosal changes occurring during the disease. Clinical observations indicate that many children with rotavirus gastroenteritis develop inflammatory lesions of the oral mucosa, including catarrhal stomatitis, erythema, edema, painful erosions, and feeding difficulties. These manifestations may aggravate dehydration, reduce nutritional intake, and negatively affect the overall course of the disease.

The aim of this study was to analyze current evidence regarding the development of stomatitis during rotavirus infection in children and to evaluate modern therapeutic approaches aimed at improving oral health and accelerating recovery. Rotavirus infection induces significant immune and inflammatory responses within the oral mucosa. Studies have demonstrated alterations in salivary cytokine profiles, including elevated levels of interleukins and interferons during the acute phase of infection, indicating active involvement of the oral mucosal immune system in the pathological process.

Clinical manifestations of stomatitis during rotavirus infection include diffuse hyperemia of the oral mucosa, gingival inflammation, increased salivation, painful ulcerative lesions, dryness of the lips, and discomfort during swallowing. These symptoms are often associated with systemic dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, and impaired immune responses observed in children with rotavirus gastroenteritis.

Current treatment strategies emphasize a multidisciplinary approach including oral hygiene measures, topical antiseptics, anti-inflammatory therapy, adequate hydration, correction of electrolyte disturbances, and nutritional support. In severe cases, adjunctive immunomodulatory therapy may be considered. Early recognition and treatment of oral manifestations contribute to improved quality of life, better feeding behavior, and faster clinical recovery.