DIAGNOSIS AND SURGICAL TREATMENT OF KNEE MENISCUS INJURIES

Abstract

Meniscus injuries are among the most common orthopedic conditions affecting the knee joint, especially in athletes and physically active individuals. The menisci are crescent-shaped fibrocartilaginous structures that play an essential role in load distribution, joint stability, shock absorption, and lubrication of the knee. Damage to the meniscus can lead to pain, swelling, reduced mobility, and long-term degenerative changes such as osteoarthritis. Accurate diagnosis and timely treatment are important to restore knee function and prevent complications. This article reviews the anatomy of the meniscus, mechanisms of injury, diagnostic approaches, and modern surgical treatment methods.