ON THE HISTORY OF THE EDUCATION AND UPBRINGING SYSTEM FOR CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL EDUCATIONAL NEEDS IN UZBEKISTAN
Keywords:
Disability, special educational needs, visual impairment, boarding schools, John Amos Comenius, Tsarist Russia, the Soviet regime, qorikhona, madrasa, waqf, the Holy Qur’an, deaf-mute individuals, the Society of the Blind of Uzbekistan.Abstract
This article discusses the history of the system of education and upbringing for children with special educational needs in Uzbekistan. It analyzes the historical conditions that led to the emergence of the first educational institutions for children with special educational needs in the territory of Uzbekistan during the second half of the nineteenth century. In particular, using the example of specialized instructional practices in qorikhonas and madrasas, the article examines the process that began in Turkestan at the end of the nineteenth century of establishing shelters for homeless children as well as specialized schools for children with special educational needs, including those with hearing and visual impairments.
The article further demonstrates that the 1920s and 1930s marked the beginning of a new stage in the history of the education and upbringing system for children with special educational needs in Uzbekistan, during which these educational institutions were developed in accordance with the Soviet state model, as illustrated through the educational institutions established in that period. In addition, the systematic establishment throughout the twentieth century of boarding schools adapted to the educational and developmental needs of children with special educational needs across all regions of Uzbekistan is analyzed from a regional perspective
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