XORAZMDA TA’LIM SOHASIDAGI JARAYONLAR VA PEDAGOGLARNING JAMIYATDA TUTGAN O‘RNI (XIX ASR OXIRI – XX ASRNING BIRINCHI CHORAGI)

Abstract

This article examines the structural and substantive transformations that occurred in the educational system of the Khorezm Oasis (the Khanate of Khiva) during the late nineteenth and the first quarter of the twentieth century. It analyzes the transition from traditional schools and madrasas to New Method (Jadid) schools, as well as the regional characteristics of the Jadid movement. Drawing upon primary sources and contemporary historiographical approaches, the study investigates the educational reforms initiated by Prime Minister Islam Khoja, which contributed significantly to the socio-economic and cultural modernization of the region, together with the activities of prominent educator-reformers such as Muhammadsharif Sufizoda and Polvonniyoz Haji Yusupov. The article argues that the educators of the National Awakening period functioned not only as organizers of the educational process but also as intellectual, socio-political, and spiritual leaders who promoted the transformation of public consciousness through the development of textbooks, the press, and theatrical art. Their historical contribution is substantiated from a scientific and theoretical perspective.