“TOSH” HIKOYASIDA MA’NAVIY-AXLOQIY MASALALAR TALQINI

Abstract

Maqolada hozirgi adabiy jarayonning inson ruhiyatidagi evrilishlarni keng qamrovda yoritishga intilishi tahlil qilinar ekan, Ulug‘bek Hamdamning “Tosh” (“Yovuzlikning tug‘ilishi”) hikoyasi badiiy-falsafiy jihatdan tahlil qilinadi. Asarda ramziylik, metaforiklik, ichki monolog va ong oqimi kabi poetik vositalar asosida inson qalbidagi ziddiyatlar, nafs, mayl, ichki kurash, yovuzlikning tug‘ilishi kabi mavzular ochib beriladi. Hikoya qahramonining o‘z-o‘zini taftish qilishi, go‘zal ayol obrazi orqali nafsning uyg‘onishi, baliqchi voqeasi orqali esa insoniylikdan chekinishning ramziy talqini ko‘rsatiladi. Tasvirda “tosh” obrazining gunoh, og‘ir yuk, ma’naviy bo‘shliq ramzi sifatida berilishi, portret detallarining psixologik funksiyasi, sarkazm, metaforalar va diniy-axloqiy asoslar bilan bog‘lanishi hikoyaning poetik qiymatini oshiradi. Tadqiqot hikoyaning badiiy-falsafiy mazmuni orqali bugungi insonning ma’naviy izlanishlari va ichki ziddiyatlari aks etganini ko‘rsatadi.

The article analyzes the current literary process's attempt to comprehensively cover the evolution of the human psyche, and analyzes Ulugbek Hamdam's story "Stone" ("The Birth of Evil") from an artistic and philosophical perspective. The work reveals such themes as contradictions in the human soul, desires, inclinations, internal struggle, and the birth of evil, based on poetic means such as symbolism, metaphor, internal monologue, and stream of consciousness. The self-examination of the hero of the story, the awakening of desires through the image of a beautiful woman, and the symbolic interpretation of the retreat from humanity through the story of a fisherman are shown. The image of the "stone" in the image is presented as a symbol of sin, a heavy burden, and spiritual emptiness, the psychological function of portrait details, sarcasm, metaphors, and the connection with religious and moral foundations increase the poetic value of the story. The study shows that the artistic and philosophical content of the story reflects the spiritual quest and internal conflicts of today's man.