MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN THE LARGE INTESTINE RESULTING FROM THE COMBINED INHALATIONAL EFFECTS OF PM 2.5 PARTICLES AND CIGARETTE SMOKE

Authors

  • Rajabova Zebiniso Safarovna Rajabova Zebiniso Safarovna Author
  • Muslima Akhatovna Abdullaeva Muslima Akhatovna Abdullaeva Author

Keywords:

PM 2.5, cigarette smoke, air pollution, large intestine, morphology, inflammation, intestinal barrier, immunohistochemistry, experimental study.

Abstract

Air pollution remains one of the most significant global public health problems of the modern world. Rapid industrialization, urbanization, increasing transportation activity, and environmental degradation have led to a substantial rise in harmful airborne pollutants. Among them, fine particulate matter (PM 2.5) and cigarette smoke are considered especially dangerous because of their toxic, inflammatory, and carcinogenic properties. Numerous studies have confirmed that these harmful agents negatively affect not only the respiratory and cardiovascular systems but also the gastrointestinal tract, particularly the large intestine.

Author Biographies

  • Rajabova Zebiniso Safarovna, Rajabova Zebiniso Safarovna

    Independent Researcher of Bukhara State Medical Institute

  • Muslima Akhatovna Abdullaeva, Muslima Akhatovna Abdullaeva

    Head of the Department of Pathological Physiology and Pathological Anatomy, Bukhara State Medical Institute, Doctor of Medical Sciences (DSc), Associate Professor

References

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Published

2026-06-04

Issue

Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): GLOBAL TRENDS IN SCIENCE AND INNOVATION

Section

Articles