DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSFORMATION OF THE TASHKENT REGION: A BRIEF ANALYSIS OF CHANGES DURING THE YEARS OF INDEPENDENCE (1991–2021)

Abstract

This article examines the demographic transformation of the Tashkent Region during the 1991–2021 period. Drawing on official statistical datasets (population counts, birth and death statistics, migration flows, age–sex structure, life expectancy and labor-market indicators), the study applies descriptive statistical analysis and a comparative territorial approach. Findings show that the population of the region increased from 2,129.8 thousand in 1991 to 2,975.9 thousand in 2021, reflecting an overall growth of approximately 39.7%. Natural population increase remained the dominant factor, supported by a substantial rise in births (from 43,171 in 2001 to 72,659 in 2021) and a comparatively moderate increase in deaths. Migration flows — especially internal migration — represent an important driver of urban growth and spatial redistribution. [1.]  The article also discusses socio-economic implications of demographic change, including labor-market pressures, urban infrastructure demand, health disparities, population ageing and regional development challenges.